11th October 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
We all know that weight management is not as simple as a calories in calories out equation. Increasing nut consumption in particular, in theory, can cause weight gain because of nuts’ energy density but it doesn’t always translate to weight gain. In fact, a recent study showed the opposite – increased nut consumption actually is associated with reduced long term weight gain.…
6th October 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
Traditionally, warfarin was the main anticoagulant for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation and in patients with significant valvular disease. The newer direct oral anti-coagulants (DOACs) are now the main anti-coagulants used instead of warfarin. However, a common limiting factor in the use of the DOACs is renal impairment. We still have come back to good old warfarin in patients whose eGFR is near 30 mL/min/1.73 m2.…
6th October 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
Last month we looked at the state of play with screening for the deadly disease, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We saw how it may not be useful to screen the general population with the technology that we have but there are select higher risk groups where screening may be useful. Long standing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a modest risk factor for PDAC.…
26th September 2019. Spectrum Medical Imaging
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women. In 2019, it is estimated that 19,535 Australians will be diagnosed with breast cancer. However it is important to remember that most women survive breast cancer. Diagnosis of breast cancer patients in early stages is one of important aspects of breast cancer treatment. Among of many diagnostic platforms, imaging techniques are main diagnostic approaches which could provide valuable data on patients with breast cancer.…
26th September 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
We put patients at high risk of cardiovascular events on statins as primary prevention. We sometimes put patients with high risk of cerebrovascular disease on aspirin to prevent strokes. What about patients who are at high risk of breast cancer? Now, these are not patients who already had breast cancer. We are talking about patients who have not had cancer but are at higher than average risk of developing breast cancer.…
26th September 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
Everyone seems to be worried about coeliac disease (CD) these days. Everyone else is on a gluten free diet anyway. The naturopaths are also homing in on this bandwagon. How accurate are those blood tests? Or to be specific, what is the specificity and sensitivity of the serological screening tests? Why do we still need a duodenal biopsy?…
13th September, 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
Checkpoint molecules are key regulators of the immune system. These checkpoint molecules are expressed by T cells and are essential for maintenance of immunological tolerance by preventing the unimpeded activation of T cells. Tumour cells capitalise on these checkpoint molecules to protect themselves from attacks by the immune system. Checkpoint therapy block inhibitory checkpoints, restoring immune system function.…
10th September, 2019. Dr Chee L Khoo
Let’s face it. We all dread the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in any of our patients. There aren’t too many red flags that we can rely on to warn us that something is not right with this deep seated abdominal organ. Many of the symptoms are either subtle or non-specific like nausea, intermittent epigastric pain, nausea, weight loss, loss of appetite or back pain.…
23rd August 2019, Dr Chee L Khoo
Remember we used to have lipid targets for patients with diabetes and patients with cardiovascular disease. Life was simple then. Just follow those numbers. Then the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines told us to throw away those targets and put everyone with cardiovascular (CV) risk above a certain figure on maximally tolerated statins. It’s kind of set and forget strategy.…
13th August 2019, Dr Chee L Khoo
Although persons 75 years or older account for 6% of the population, they account for more than 65%of all deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1). We know from numerous trials that intensive treatment to reduce lipid levels reduces CV events in patients after they have an ACS (2). What about elderly patients (>75 years old)?…
12th August 2019, Dr Chee L Khoo
We are often reminded to review statins prescriptions for primary prevention in the “elderly” because the evidence of benefit of statins in this group of patients is often “lacking”. Lacking doesn’t mean it there is no benefit. It may mean there are no or limited studies done in that age group.…
28th July 2019, Dr Chee L Khoo
It’s not often that we cure anyone of any disease. Hepatitis C is one of those exceptions to the rule. The World Health Organization (WHO) set the ambitious target of eliminating hepatitis C as a public health threat by 2030 [1]. Australia is one of the very first countries in the world to have made the direct acting anti-viral (DAA) agents available on the PBS.…