22nd May 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
The close association of inflammation and cardiovascular disease is well known for some time. Inflammation is an essential mediator of all stages of atherosclerosis, from initiation to progression and the development of thrombotic complications (1,2). Circulating immune cells play a critical role in the build-up of atherosclerotic plaques by adhering to activated endothelium and infiltrating the arterial wall to become lesional cells (3).…
13th May 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
Another month, another commonly used class of drugs are implicated in either aggravating glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or actually, increase the risk of developing T2D. This month, we a report suggesting the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), as a class of agent, is associated with increased risk of developing T2D.…
12th May 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
It’s been more than 4 years since we herald the arrival of the stable formulation of the new glucagon, dasiglucagon in a ready-to-use delivery device for the management of hypoglycaemia. If you think about how much time is wasted in the emergency treatment of hypoglycaemia. The existing glucagon emergency kits we currently have need reconstitution before administration.…
11th May 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
I was fortunate to have received ample orthopaedic experience in my training days. I was all destined to be an orthopaedic surgeon but changed my mind. I have seen a few complete Achilles tendon rupture and assisted in many successful surgical repair. Conceptually, you can’t imagine how anyone can plantar flex again if the tendon ends are not reattached surgically.…
30th April 2022, Spectrum Medical Imaging
Women who are in their first trimester of pregnancy have two options for screening for structural abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities such as Down’s, Edwards or Patau syndrome. While it not necessary to perform both, we need to know which test exclude what abnormalities. Spectrum offers both and we need to understand both tests for that we can discuss them with our patients.…
24th April 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
There have many observational studies that have shown increased risks of a variety of cancers in patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes independent of body mass index (BMI). Cancer is also the second most common cause of death in patients with diabetes. Up to 18% of patients with cancers have diabetes.…
21st April 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
We have discussed the two-way relationship between pancreatic cancer and diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes are at 1.5-2.0 times higher risk of developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In patients with T2D, the development of PDAC destabilises glucose homeostasis pretty much in all patients with T2D. In patients that do not have T2D, the development of PDAC pushes them across the threshold of T2D up to 6-12 months before the diagnosis.…
12th April 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
It’s almost close to a wonder drug. It is widely used in type 2 diabetes (T2D) for management of hyperglycaemia when the HbA1c is >7.0%. For that indication, it is pretty potent and in clinical trials, can reduce the HbA1c by 1-1.5%. It also assists in weight reduction and thence, reduce the core problem of insulin resistance in these patients.…
12th April 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
We continue to see “routine” antibiotic cover for many surgical procedures. It is not uncommon to see antibiotic prophylaxis used in major surgery like open heart surgery, joint replacement surgery and bowel surgery but the list extends to sinus surgery, routine orthopaedic surgery and not that uncommonly, plastic reconstructive surgery. This is despite international guidelines stating that for clean and clean-contaminated procedures (explicitly including any prosthetic joint arthroplasty with or without a drain, additional prophylactic antimicrobial doses should not be administered after the surgical incision is closed in the operating room.…
8th April 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
CVD is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). There are many hundreds of cardiovascular risk prediction tools around. Well, whenever you have many versions of a particular tool, it usually tells us that none of them are particularly good in what they are meant to do – that is to predict the risk of a cardiovascular event.…
28th March 2022, Spectrum Medical Imaging
I have to admit that even I get confused as to what imaging modality is needed to assist in image guided injections. Is it ultrasound guided or is it CT guided. The table below makes the whole choice easy to follow. Image guided injections is a very effective treatment modality in patients with spinal joint related pain whether it involves facet joints in the lumbosacral or cervical spine or the root canal of the spine.…
15th March 2022, Dr Chee L Khoo
We are seeing increasing number of patients with depression. This is particularly the case over the last 2 years of the pandemic. Many of our patients were scared in the first year before the vaccines became available and confused in the second year with all sorts of news (good and bad) about the vaccines and their potential side effects.…