13th February 2024, NIA Diagnostic Imaging
Commonly, uterine artery doppler ultrasound is conducted to measure the blood flow in the uterine arteries. This specific ultrasound allows for qualitative information to be gathered on the presence/absence of flow, the direction of flow, the quality of flow, to determine if the flow is laminar or turbulent and to distinguish waveform shape (low resistance, high resistance, early diastolic notch) (Naguib et al.,2012).…
11th February 2024, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Significant weight loss of >10% body weight has been associated with remission of type 2 diabetes. It’s not surprising, really, is it? The DiRECT trial which reported in 2018 demonstrated that early in T2D, significant weight loss can lead to remission of T2D (1). Importantly, DiRECT showed that weight loss of >10% can be achieved in primary with minimal support.…
11th February 2024, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) often accompanies hypercholesterolaemia but that is often ignored as it is considered to be a minor villain. Older clinical trials on lipid lowering agents excluded subjects with HTG and that is partly why the significance of HTG is often ignored. The interplay between HTG and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is real but extremely complicated.…
27th January 2024, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
The World Health Organisation classifies epithelial ovarian carcinomas into several morphological categories according to cell type: serous carcinomas (SC), mucinous carcinomas, endometrioid carcinomas, and clear-cell carcinomas, transitional-cell Brenner tumours, mixed, and undifferentiated type [1]. SC account for 75-80% of epithelial carcinomas and are subdivided into high-grade SC (HGSC) and low-grade SC (LGSC). Like any other cancers, early diagnosis would be important to improve the prognosis but often when diagnosed, ovarian cancer is in its advanced stages.…
27th January 2024, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We are all pretty much used to weekly GLP1-RA injections for our patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Certainly, a lot less needles compared with the once daily or twice daily GLP1-RA injections and therefore more acceptable to patients (including those without diabetes!). Weekly GLP-1 are efficacious in reducing fasting as well as postprandial glucose.…
13th January 2024, Conjoint A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Amiodarone started life as an anti-angina drug but it’s used primarily for its anti-arrhythmic properties these days. That’s not because it is such a good anti-arrhythmic agent (AAD) but because there just aren’t that many good and safe anti-arrhythmic agents around. We are all aware of amiodarone’s thyroid effects (hypo or hyper) and we monitor them closely as long as they are on amiodarone.…
13th January 2024, Conjoint A/Prof Chee L Khoo
When we think about extreme physical activity (EPA) such as marathon running, apart from the perceived issue of wearing out knee and hip joints (that’s another issue, another day), we think about the cardiovascular risks or benefits that comes with this intense physical activity. We explored the issue of marathon running and cardiovascular risks 9 months ago here.…
27th December 2023, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
When we think about extreme physical activity (EPA) such as marathon running, apart from the perceived issue of wearing out knee and hip joints (that’s another issue, another day), we think about the cardiovascular risks or benefits that comes with this intense physical activity. We explored the issue of marathon running and cardiovascular risks 9 months ago here.…
27th December 2023, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Not surprisingly, if dysglycaemia is the major contributor to microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D), the same complications must plaque our patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D. However, we haven’t had many major advances in the management for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with T1D for decades.…
10th December 2023, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We don’t get old and weak. Actually, if we get weak, we become old. We all see that in practice. It doesn’t matter how old our patient is. When they become weak, they slow down. They can’t walk very far and they don’t. They become weaker and weaker. They have difficulty get off a chair.…
30th November, Spectrum Medical Imaging
The midfoot consist of 5 bones, cuboid, navicular and three cuneiform bones. These bones articulate with the base of the five metatarsals. In the Lisfranc injuries, it is these articulations (and their ligamemts) that are damage. Sometimes, there are fractures easily seen on plain xrays. Sometimes, one can see separation of the bones on plain xrays.…
27th November 2023, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Although moderate to severe acne is pretty common in primary care, our management tends to be haphazard. We have our favourite topical and oral therapy but I am not sure that that is evidence-based nor pathophysiological in our approach. When all else fails, we refer on to our friendly dermatologist. I recently attended a brilliant lecture at the Melbourne GPCE presented by Dr Ryan de Cruz, a Melbournian dermatologist.…