13th August 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We know (maybe better phrased – we think we know) that it is the amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques that are a key driver of pathological processes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (1,2). Targeting the Aβ should then prevent or at the very least delay the progression of the dementia. The problem with prevention is that we don’t know who are going to get dementia till there is some cognitive impairment.…
25th July 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We know that 55-65% patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) (1). We also know that 28% of patients with MAFLD will develop T2D if not already present by the time MAFLD is detected (2). There is emerging evidence that there are profound alterations in oral glucose handling in individuals with MAFLD even before T2D is diagnosed.…
12th July 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We don’t see many acute pancreatitis in our rooms but the incidence of acute pancreatitis is gradually increasing (1). Many will develop further episodes and some will develop chronic pancreatitis. Although most patients with acute pancreatitis have its mild form, some develop moderate or severe acute pancreatitis, both of which include serious complications and an increased risk for death.…
30th June 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We have waited for a very long time. We only have one second generation long-acting basal insulin even though degludec have been available overseas for ≥ 10 years now. Insulin degludec (iDeg), in combination with a prandial insulin (insulin aspart) has been available in Australia as Ryzodeg® since 2018. But iDeg on its own?…
28th June 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
It’s all over the news. Teplizumab (Tzield) has just been approved by the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) delay the onset of Stage 3 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in adult and paediatric patients aged 8 years and older with Stage 2 type 1 diabetes mellitus (1). Wow. But what does that mean for our patients already with T1D or those who are at very high risk of developing T1D?…
10th June 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We know that if a woman developed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the risk of development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) later in life increases by 4-10 times. We also know that the same woman also have higher risk of developing elements of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including hypertension, atherosclerotic CVD ASCVD and heart failure (HF).…
25th May 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
All of us have more than a few patients with essential hypertension (i.e. hypertension with no secondary causes) who remain hypertensive despite two or three anti-hypertensives. These are patients who are already on an ACE inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) plus a calcium channel blocker (CCB) or a diuretic or both.…
23rd May 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We all know about the causal association between the so called bad cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). There are suggestions that apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels might be a better reflection of atherosclerotic burden. There is now emerging consensus that relying on particle number whether with LDL-C or apoB is rather too simplistic.…
10th May 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
We were taught in medical school that meniscal injuries inevitably need arthroscopic debridement. Of course, these are likely the ones that don’t improve with physical therapy – physiotherapy, hydrotherapy or chiropractic treatment. We don’t see those that got better with conservative measures. We also don’t see what happen after they had arthroscopic debridement.…
25th April 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
When we think about diabetes, we think about the shrinkage of beta cell mass and its inability to keep up with the insulin demand. We have lots of information of what the islet cells can or cannot do in diabetes but we don’t actually know much of pathogenesis of the pancreatic endocrine (or exocrine) dysfunction in diabetes.…
24th April 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Australian and international guidelines recommend 150– 300 min of moderate physical activity (MPA), 75–150 min of vigorous physical activity (VPA), or a combination of both per week (1,2). Some people prefer slower but longer exercises while other prefer more intense for shorter periods of time. There is data suggesting that VPA leads to superior improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, and several cardiometabolic risk factors compared to lower-intensity activities at equivalent volumes (3-5).…
29th March 2026, A/Prof Chee L Khoo
Just as we are getting used to the GLP1-RA and the bi-hormonal GLP1/GIP co-agonists in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, the playground is about to get more crowded. Retatrutide is a once weekly triple hormone receptor agonist. It is a single molecule that can activate the receptors for glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucagon.…